Ford and Global Batteries Corporation †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Ford and Global Batteries Corporation. Answer: Presentation: The choice that I made was to contemplate the motivation behind business. In the wake of learning business morals, I have increased an alternate perspective with respect to the motivation behind business. Already, I used to feel that organizations exist just to make benefits for the proprietors. My view is presently unique. I as of now accept that organizations should put morals over benefits. Morals has become an increasingly more fundamental part of business practice and setting morals over benefits can really pay off over the long haul. Business associations that work morally would have the option to outpace their rivals since customers would confide in such organizations. Corporate pioneers ought to exhibit moral initiative by driving such that regards different people groups poise and rights. They ought to guarantee exclusive expectations of moral and good lead rather concentrating fundamentally on making benefits. This is in accordance with my reaction for Online Commentary 3. Two organizations that didn't show moral conduct are Ford and Global Batteries Corporation (GBC) as exhibited in the Ford Pinto case and GBC case. On account of Ford, the organization set benefits over morals and created broken vehicles and one of these vehicles slaughtered a lady. Portage utilized an utilitarian methodology in settling on their choice and I don't concur with it. Worldwide Batteries Corporation likewise put benefits over morals. Their exploitative activities prompted the demise of numerous individuals after the plant detonated. What I gained from these two cases is that it is deceptive for organizations to ignore morals in their interest for benefits. I currently comprehend that associations need to put forth a coordinated attempt, even in high weight conditions, to continually concentrate on practices that are moral. Passage and GBC don't have moral societies and that is the reason they occupied with moral bad behavior. In the past I additionally displayed degenerate conduct. The convictions that I held that educated my training to acknowledge pay off and defilement incorporate review these indecencies as adequate and not off-base. I held these suppositions/sees inferable from my social foundation and my childhood in Sri Lanka, where defilement and pay off are broad and numerous residents here don't think about it as off-base. All in all, the way that I was raised accepting that debasement and pay off are not off-base significantly affected my perspectives. The outcomes from my Values Questionnaire indicative instrument show that my most noteworthy inclinations are Economic, at 89. This causes me to comprehend my conduct to take part in pay off/debasement since for me to offer administrations or to get an assistance in Sri Lanka, I would be bound to give/get a money related tip first as an impetus or inspiration. While I may give a pay off, I may just do so not on the grounds that I need to, but since I am compelled to do by the conditions. Else, I would not since I am a genuine pioneer as exhibited by my Authentic Leadership Self-Assessment Questionnaire indicative instrument in which I scored 68. I felt disarray, inconvenience and outrage with respect to the choice to take part in pay off and debasement. I felt along these lines principally on account of a contention between what I thought was satisfactory and the moral substance shrouded in class with respect to morals. I was baffled in the wake of understanding that by taking part in pay off and defilement, I was in actuality sustaining these unscrupulous indecencies. Notwithstanding, right now, I have an entirely unexpected point of view identifying with pay off gratitude to the moral substance shrouded in class. I presently accept that pay off is an exploitative, awful and offensive activity. The substance of this unit has permitted me to increase more prominent knowledge into morals and conduct. As an administrator later on, I will utilize this data to guarantee that I generally put morals over benefits, in contrast to Ford and GBC pioneers/directors. I will maintain moral abilities and consistently maintain my most elev ated good capabilities as exhibited by my outcome in the Scoring the MCI symptomatic apparatus: concede missteps and disappointments, keep guarantees, and come clean, notwithstanding other good skills. Moreover, I will endeavor to utilize my situation to create and advance reasonable moral culture inside my association, show high good norms, consistently act with most extreme respectability, and direct my work morally dissimilar to the pioneers/supervisors of Ford and GBC. End: Being an administrator in future will imply that all obligation and responsibility would be ascribed to me. I will endeavor to keep away from corporate bad behavior and untrustworthy activities however much as could be expected, and assume liability for every one of my activities, in contrast to the directors/pioneers at Ford and GBC. Additionally, when I am not to fault, I will ascribe obligation and responsibility to the opportune individual/individuals and properly consider them ethically liable for their activities as showed by my outcomes in the Attributing Responsibility and Accountability Moral Praise and additionally Blame analytic apparatus. I unequivocally accept that corporate pioneers and supervisors are mindful and responsible for the choices and activities taken by them. They ought to consistently maintain moral obligation, and I will likewise do so when I am a supervisor in future. This is in accordance with my reaction on Online Commentary 1.

The Service Change Health And Social Care Essay

This article fundamentally examinations administration modification required in active recuperation administrations for more established individuals in India, explicitly focusing on creating falls bar. Fallss are one of the most widely recognized geriatric disorder imperiling the independency of more established people. Peril factors for falls incorporate musculus coming up short, a background marked by falls, use of at least four physician recommended medications, utilization of an assistive gadget, joint pain, wretchedness, being more established than 80 mature ages old enough, and harms in pace, balance, information, vision, and exercises of everyday life ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . There is in this manner an interest for building up a complete assistance which can flexibly deterrent, recuperating and rehabilitative administrations for the matured in India. This is particularly of import as the matured populace in India is turning. Blending to the WHO, it is normal that there will be around 107 million out of 2010, 198 million out of 2030 and 326 million of every 2050. The quick expansion in the figure of elderly individuals in the populace raises arranged cultural, financial and health issues ( Kumar et al, 2008 ) . Be that as it may, in contrast to the created states, India does non hold great organized, bing wellbeing administrations for the matured, taking to a relatively impromptu arrangement of health consideration bringing to this helpless populace ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Therefore, a particular geriatric wellbeing administration must be created, to instruct, create and help under the watchful eye of sound ways of life and to gracefully exhaustive health consideration. There is an interest for stretched out guidance and conveying projects to be attempted through grouped media each piece great as legislative and nongovernmental associations sing pre-winter occasions and protection steps ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Corr esponding to the particular setting of falls, this paper presents a help change which would infer the advancement of a harvest time bar plan. This would influence readiness of cardinal partners, for example, Physicians, Health laborers and Care suppliers. The improvement of the program would other than investigate the effectivity and plausibility of using new and progressed demonstrative and indicating gadgets. These are required non simply to be cost adequate and progressed yet should flexibly a down to earth instrument for putting and preventing potential falls. Explicitly the paper principal investigations further, the setting of this administration adjustment, talking how it identifies with health and A ; cultural consideration strategy and example. Drivers and facilitators for the adjustment are fundamentally examined alongside potential obstructions and proposals for how these might be tended to are made. Seen benefits and the conceivable effect on the bing administration and patient outcome are so assessed. How the adjustment will be advanced, actualized and its effect assessed will other than be discussed.2. Principle BODY:Section 1: The setting of the administration change, talking how it identifies with wellbeing and A ; cultural consideration arrangement and patternOver the accompanying a few decennaries, matured individuals will represent a major area of the populace. Matured individuals have normal geriatric employments, for example, hindered versatility, falls, disabled information and urinary incontinency ( Prudham and A ; Evans, 1981 ) . Out of this, falls are regular occasions in the lives of more seasoned individuals and can follow in an extent of unpropitious outcomes, from minor wounds to breaks, disablement, dependance and perish ( Kumar et al, 2008 ) . Repetitive falls are an of import reason for grimness and mortality in the matured and are a marker of hapless physical and psychological position ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Ther e are numerous components taking to or doing falls in the matured, grouped into natural and outward factors and can be a mind boggling connection between both ( Drozdick and A ; Edelstein, 2001 ) . Only three enormous scope national investigations have been done altogether to comprehend the greatness and type of arranged physical disablements among the matured populace ( Reddy and A ; Sureender, 1992 refered to in Krishnasawmy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Among the 35 areas and fraternity locale in India, Kerala has enlisted the most noteworthy extent of matured. The matured in Kerala establish 11 % of the populace. The Kerala Aging Survey ( KAS ) , directed among in excess of 5,000 matured ( 2,271 work powers and 2,722 grown-up females ) in 14 domains of Kerala detailed that falls and breaks are a significant issue among more seasoned adults ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Another study by Joshi et Al ( 2003 ) led a cross-sectional investigation of 200 points more than 60 mature ages old in a urban populace of Chandigarh city and rustic populace in Haryana city in India detailed that break happened in 21.3 % , and different damages happened in 79.6 % of the individuals who had fallen. Moreover, breaks among females ( 26.4 % ) were accounted for all the more regularly contrasted and guys ( 16 % ) and break was seen more in urban themes ( 29.4 % ) contrasted and country subjects ( 13.4 % ) . On the different manus, Johnson et Al ( 2006 ) analyzed the frequence and nature of falls and fall-related damages among more established grown-up females in the territory of Kerala, India and announced that about 1.5 to 2 million people are harmed and 1 million surrender to expire each twelvemonth in India because of fall. Falling is developing as a significant open wellbeing employment and is of import reason for dismalness and mortality in the matured. Most oftentimes the reason for pre-winter is multifaceted. Falls and their screech are conceivably preventable and henceforth it is significance to cognize the danger factors for falls in the matured. In this manner, fall bar plans to go to falls ought to be investigated and actualized inside the Indian context.Section 2: Drivers and facilitators for the adjustment are fundamentally talked about alongside potential boundaries and proposals for how these might be tended to are made.At the start, it is attractive to draw core constituents that drive effective grounds based example execution known as â€Å" drivers † ( Metz et al. , 2007 ) . This would help to fix a program and achieve a triumph. A PESTLE examination ( Renewal Associates, 2003 ) can investigate the inward and outside elements engaged with the administration of fall bar. Initial, a proper specialists contributing is required to build up an indicating device fitting for open cognizance runs, in coaction with scholarly foundations with expertness in innovative work of demonstrating devices ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Second, readiness of Physicians, Health laborers and Care suppliers in pre-winter bar plans, is urgently required. Besides, pre-administration and in-administration readiness ought to be conveyed. Preparing ought to incorporate exercises identified with providing specific data, heading, or aptitude improvement in a sorted out way to staff individuals at all degrees. Third, it is other than should be expected to investigate the effectivity and possibility of using new and progressed analytic and demonstrating gadgets. These are non only cost efficacious and progressed however could gracefully a down to earth apparatus for putting and hindering potential falls. Also, puting up of health consideration establishments for the matured, at the tw o specialists and private clinics and clinical universities will flexibly far reaching consideration and to create, informations, look into methodological investigation and mediation procedures for falls and other related morbidities ( Krishnaswamy and A ; Usha, 2007 ) . Performing concentrates on falls among the matured life in all pieces of India could help with acquiring a similar position and data proposing fit constabularies at local and national degrees, to help the matured to populate solid and handicap free life. In add-on, there ought to be inside course bolster accessible exorbitantly. It alludes to exercises identified with set uping developments and procedures that encourage actualizing another proof based example by staff. These exercises will gracefully driving and data on dynamic, back up the general systems and help staff to remain sorted out and concentrated on the particular causes and bar of falls in matured populace. Besides, people or associations, funders, arrangement shapers, or other network associations that help an example, yet are non straight engaged with administration bringing, should make frameworks level organization. It will ensure the handiness of the monetary, hierarchical, and HR that are required to back up practicians and bring through any requests expected to set example into the everyday work. At long last, it is important to order practician ‘s open introduction and connection to the new example presented each piece great as watches achievements of uncon ventional outcomes. This will help to gauge and better the example that does non run into staff part ‘s and quiet ‘s standpoints. Aside from these, the cultural, conservative and lawful variables are all of import drivers which impact the change. The matured populaces, their family unit individuals and kin are the main facilitators of the exercise based recuperation administration change for the pre-winter bar and the populace anticipates that the administration should be amazingly prepared and treated by gifted healers and consideration providers. They need to be given the best going to from a physical advisor and be given the most ideal consideration. In this manner, the healers and consideration providers are should have been amazingly gifted and have a total idea of history of falls and harvest time bar. As drivers are more than the facilitators, it is important to change over the drivers to ease legitimate assistance and bring through different requests through which the two drivers and facilitators would be profited. At last, for the accomplishment of the new help, the specialists of India and the general public ought to be loosened to changes and pull the concerned populace for the administration. Aside from drivers and facilitators for the fall bar

A letter for you

A letter for you Dear Applicants, Each year at this time, I feel an overflowing amount of gratitude toward you yes, you! for applying. I love learning about your lives and how your individual stories have brought you to this point. I admire your tenacity and your resilience through classes and the struggles you face in life. Some of you may be tempted to think that your time and your story have been wasted if you do not receive an affirmative decision tomorrow. Please fight those thoughts. A decision is not a measurement of your worth. A decision does not validate or invalidate your life or experiences. A decision is not a culminating experience or the end of the world (though it may feel like it tomorrow). Id like you to think of it as an invitation. For some, it will be an invitation to see how MIT can play a further role in your story. For others, it will be an invitation to explore other options, and, like a puzzle, figure out how you can find what you like about MIT in other places, or how best to showcase your light to the world in new and different ways than you may be thinking right now. I am so excited for your futures and look forward to reading about your achievements. All my best, always, Latasha Post Tagged #Pi Day

Gothic Literature and the Writings of Edgar Allan Poe Essays

There is one known very influential writing style called Gothic Literature. It is not only considered to involve the horror or gothic element but is combined with romance, superstition, women in distress, omens, portents, vision and supernatural events to name a few (Beesly). The history and beginning of this era is not well known. From a few writers came this writing style that has impacted the world. A famous artists known for this type of writing is a man named Edgar Allan Poe. He wrote many short stories and poems that include horror, gothic, and romance just mentioned. Gothic Tradition was said to have started in Europe. Gothicism came from the Romanticism in the early 19th century (Book Rags). Two people who are said to have†¦show more content†¦The Fall of the House of Usher is a story â€Å"of sickness, madness, incest, and the danger of unrestrained creativity. This is among Poes most popular and critically-examined horror stories† (Gordon). For example if y ou were to close your eyes while someone was reading the story you would see the house â€Å"decaying† in your imagination (Poe). From the start of the story the narrator’s strange â€Å"insufferable gloom† is introduced. He notes the darkness of his surrounding (Gordon). The stories are very deeply described and felt. The next popular theme Poe uses in his writing is romance. This is very general for all gothic writers. This theme was actually a movement called â€Å"The Romantic movement† (Foster). This first began around the end of the 18th century in Western Europe (Foster). This was characterized by the â€Å"emphasis on emotion, passion, and the natural world† (Foster). This writing style was known in the United Stated because of the works that Poe did. One of his most famous works was a poem called â€Å"Annabelle Lee†. The poem was about his wife who died of tuberculosis. She was only thirteen when she and Edgar got married. In the poem the speaker argues about how the angels were jealous of a happy couple, â€Å"The envious Angels, he insists, caused the wind to chill his bride and seize her life†. He then goes on to describe how the love the couple share is everlasting and unbreakable. The reader depicts images of purity, innocenceShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Po e Biography. By. Alyssa Marshall.1260 Words   |  6 Pages Edgar Allan Poe Biography By Alyssa Marshall Mrs. Guinn English III March 6, 2017 Abstract Edgar Allan Poe was a writer in the â€Å"Gothic Era†, many of his stories genres are horror like â€Å" The Masque of The Red Death†, mystery such as â€Å" The Fall of The House of Usher†, lost love as in â€Å" The Raven†, and obsession such as â€Å" The Pit and The Pendulum†. Edgar’s poemsRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 PagesWhat makes Edgar Allan Poe work unique? Other than being a strange individual, Poe has become a remarkable literature writer. The Raven, Annabel Lee, and The Cask of Amontillado are just a few of Poe’s work that staples the theme of gothic literature. This essay will allow you to see the gothic elements Edgar Allan Poe uses through his most common poems. Gothic literature has many elements which play into its definition. The actual definition is a style of writing that is characterized by elementsRead MoreLiterary Legends: Edgar Allan Poe and Mark Twain777 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Legends Literature has played a large role in the way we perceive the world and it can affect the way in which we think about things. Edgar Allan Poe along with Mark Twain are two of the most influential authors that our world has ever seen. Their descriptiveness and diction has had a huge impact on their readers for centuries. Poe’s gothic style of writing was very enthralling and suspenseful; it left you wanting to know what was going to happen next. Whereas, Mark Twain was a very humorousRead MoreGothic Literature : `` Tell Tale Heart `` And `` The Raven ``1698 Words   |  7 Pages2/21/17 Gothic Literature Gothic Literature has been around since the late 17th century, slowly progressing in popularity until the mid 19th century where it had much success demonstrated through Edgar allan Poe. Edgar Allan has a number of common Themes, motifs and structures that make his work easily recognizable and more importantly, fits his stories into the classification of the gothic. Among these elements, they include the theme of death and decay, which is almost always in Gothic fictionRead MoreThe Tell-Tale Heart and the Similarities With Edgar Allen Poe952 Words   |  4 PagesWho came first? The mentally-ill person, or the man who only wrote about them? Edgar Allan Poe truly experienced the bittersweet symphony with being a writer of his caliber; he wrote with such proficiency that he often would become unable to escape the dark world, filled with the aspects of gothic literature, in which he created. He also faced numerous obstacles throughout his lifespan, which seemed to plague him by always returning right after the previous issue have been resolved. From povertyRead More A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poe’s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)1221 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"architecture and settings are more important in Gothic fiction than in any other type of literature†¦all architectural elements are closely connected with Gothic protagonists and the plot.† (Zamfir. 2011: 15). This critical essay will first consider and analyse this statement and investigate the style, language and form of the American author Edgar Allan Poe’s (1809-1849) macabre and Gothic fictional prose The Fall of the House of Usher (1839) (Poe. 1987: 1). I shall present and argue how the artisticRead MoreLiterary Critics Of Edgar Allan Poe1693 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is credited to be one of the best writers, editors, and literary critics of all time. His poetry and short stories are what majority of people recognize him for. His long and intriguing stories about mystery and the macabre are just some examples of his classic writings. At first, Edgar Allan Poe was referred to as the inventor of the modern detective story and a specialist in the science fiction genre. It was not until later in his life that people began to acknowledge him as oneRead MoreThe Life and Work of Edgar Allan Poe Essay550 Words   |  3 PagesEdgar Allan Poes style of writing is typical of the styles of writing during the Age of Romanticism. His poems and short stories were heavily influenced by his life experiences from a young boy to a well renowned writer. He lived his life in poverty, moving from one job to the other and from city to city, yet he is still one of the most widely read American authors today. Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts. Poes home life was very unstable. His father, DavidRead MoreThe Father of Gothicism1077 Words   |  4 PagesThe Black Cat written by Edgar Allan Poe. Poe has been proclaimed the â€Å"Father of Gothicism† by many due to his grotesque short stories and poems. Gothic writers had their characters be more â€Å"prone to sin and self-destruction† than any other movement had experienced (Poets 2). This mysterious style of writing lasted until the 19th century, and other popular gothic writers and characters include Bram Stokers Dracula, and Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein. Poe along with all gothic writers used disturbing,Read MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Cask Of Amontillado1559 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe, a famous romanticism writer, created a gothic tone in his stories by describing the setting of his stories with vocabulary that helped create the dark plots of stories such as â€Å"The Cas k of Amontillado†, â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Pit and The Pendulum†. Poe’s own foster father, John Allan, stated that â€Å"His (Poe’s) talents are of an order that can never prove comfort to their possessor†. How did Poe create such gothic tones in his stories with only describing the foul settings and wicked

September Themes, Holiday Activities, and Events

Long Term Care Free Essays

What is long term care? Long-term care refers to a collection of services that are intended to meet the medical and non-medical needs of disabled or chronically ill patients. These services include social, medical/nursing, and community services. They often require assisting the patient or patients in performing day-to-day tasks like dressing, bathing and eating. We will write a custom essay sample on Long Term Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now Long-term care can be provided for anybody and can be performed in a nursing home, in the individual’s residence or in assisted living centers. What is continuum of care services in the United States? Continuum of care is a concept involving an integrated system of care that guides and tracks patient over time through a comprehensive array of health services spanning all levels of intensity of care, providing a framework to guide day-to-day decision-making and providing a framework for delivery of optimum health care to patient populations. Basically what that means is that it allows for you as a patient to have your care managed effectively from basic care, like prescriptions and making appointments, to more advanced care, like in-hospital and critical care. It creates the â€Å"medical community† where the doctors and ancillary staff involved in your treatment all communicate regarding your diagnoses, procedures, treatments etc. It links all your services and avoids duplicating them. Meaning, your primary care orders tests that your specialists don’t repeat. Everyone sees everything and it allows for better treatments! Why is long term care one of the greatest challenges facing the healthcare delivery system today? Why I think it has become a challenge is because a lot adults in this world rather put their parents into long term care than taking care of them, and it costs thousands of dollars to be able to pay for that kind of treatment. Some people have that kind of money and some don’t, to even consider putting their parents into a facility. Because of the great number of adults now reaching 65 and retirement age, as well as reaching the time in life when medical problems increase. Many seniors also are living alone may need help at home as they age. Also many children have moved away due to out of state jobs, so the seniors are alone. Some have medical problems and they will need or do need help with physical care meals, and before there were many family members living together, but now everyone wants to be independent. Many seniors want to remain in their homes, but living on a limited income, they can no longer pay mortgages high taxes. Does everyone really want to give up their independence, their homes, their pets, their flowerbeds, their cars and their privacy to wind up in a facility where they don’t know anyone may have to share a bedroom with someone who they may in fact don’t even like? It’s always better for people to be able to stay in their own homes, but how on a fixed income. How to cite Long Term Care, Essay examples

Voluntary Bribery Essays - Campaign Finance In The United States

Voluntary Bribery? Political Action Committees by definition are associations of individuals who, exercising the First Amendment rights of political speech and association, advance their political and/or ideological goals by pooling their resources to make contributions and/or expenditures to affect the outcome of an election (www.pacfinder.com). The fact that corporate America determines the outcomes of our elections, influences our law makers', and has all but total control over our government has been greatly concealed from the American public. The reason for this concealment is because Superclass leaders prefer to keep the existence of and details about the extent of their class-based power out of sight. Also, the above definition does not suggest that corporations are one of these superclass powers and that they have influence over political campaigns/elections. The truth however, of their existence in this process is clearly evident to the person who is seeking it. As former president Woodrow Wilson once observed, the masters of the government of the United States are the combined capitalists and manufacturers of the U.S. (The New Class Society, Pg. 103). President Wilson's comments although correct, were frowned upon by the superclass and thusly his works and achievements have been greatly marginalized by the privileged-class-controlled mass media. This suggests that our elected officials are merely representatives of the superclass and once they act in a manner representing the working or poor-classes their power and influence is quickly undermined or outright removed. Current day political campaigns can be thought of as battles to an extent. The days of a person fighting for what he believes in are over. Times have shown the person with the most money and backers wins an election today. When we see a person on television running for a particular office, we just see him. What the vast majority of people do not see and are not allowed to see, are the smiling faces of the large corporate sponsors standing in the shadows. These sponsors are not interested in the welfare of the people nor do they believe in their candidate's ideas. These sponsors are merely interested in maintaining or increasing their influence over our society. The history of PACs dates back to the 1940's during the election years of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's unprecedented election to a third White House term. During this election President Roosevelt was given large gifts of money from the United Mine Workers of America, which helped him easily win over other less funded presidential candidates. By the time he sought a fourth term he had already had the full financial support of the UMOA however, a law had been passed to ban gifts of money from such organizations. The president of the United Mine Workers at the time was a man named John L. Lewis. Lewis sidestepped the ban by establishing the National Citizen's Political Action Committee to collect voluntary contributions from mineworkers and others. Instead of using labor union treasury funds, he used NCPAC's funds to make contributions to Roosevelt's campaign. Today, such groups are called PACs for no reason other than that was what the first one choose to call itself (www.pacfinder.com). In 1974, when Congress was debating a post-Watergate version of the Federal Election Campaign Act, Rep. George Hansen (R-Idaho) successfully attached an amendment to the measure that gave birth to explosive growth in PAC sponsorship by corporations and trade associations. The Hansen Amendment made clear that corporations and trade associations could use their treasury funds to finance the administrative and fundraising solicitation costs of a PAC, in much the same manner as labor unions had already been doing for several decades (www.pacfinder.com). There has always been an implied relationship between corporations and lawmaker decisions due to the fact that most PACs and political officials are connected and are both based in Washington, D.C. The implication is actually a reality but the superclass's second tier autonomous representatives, including lawyers and specialists are quick to suppress any hard evidence of this influence or their existence. If one was to compare the Fortune 500's list of the largest and most powerful corporations in America and the Federal Government's list of the top 100 PACs and their associated corporations, one would find the two list to be almost identical. This is no

unit1 communication Essay

unit1 communication Essay unit1 communication Essay Unit 1 Developing Effective Communication in Health and Social Care. Communication is the transfer of information, feelings, signals and behaviours and ideas, and as such, is paramount to all relationships. We need far more than just words to communicate effectively. Research has shown people pay far more attention to body language, facial expression, tone and pitch of voice than to spoken word, therefore in the health and social care sector it is vital to be aware of the different ways in which we communicate and the barriers to communication. Failure to communicate effectively may lead to the breakdown of a relationship and ultimately a lack of trust, between the service provider and service user. There are two theories of communication, Tuckman’s theory states that communication happens in four stages; Forming, Storming, Norming and performing. This can be seen frequently within the health and social care sector, for example between a group of people (family and medical professionals) discussing the care of a dementia sufferer. The group forms to discuss the best plan of action, moves on to storming to share opinions and ideas of what will benefit the patient which leads on to norming once an agreement is reached then finally the performing stage where any necessary actions are taken and the conversation moves forward. While this theory is great for group communication it could fall flat in one to one communication. The second theory is Argyle’s theory of communication. This states communication is Coding, Transmission and Decoding, and at any time the communication can be distorted and interpreted wrong. This must be considered in the health and social care setting, as dealing with such a wide spectrum of people, with a range of different needs is an everyday occurrence. As an example of this theory in action a care worker is explaining the emergency procedure to a new resident but the new resident is hearing impaired so cannot decode the message properly. In order to overcome this barrier and get the transmission across several things should be considered, not only the tone of voice, body language and hand gestures but does the resident have a hearing aid, is it on the right setting, could we use sign language or symbols instead. As a health and social care worker it is your job to make sure everything is understood by the person you are caring for and if communication breaks down you m ust find ways to overcome it. One to one communication is used in many health and social care settings such as a doctor patient consultation, often in this one to one setting personal details are discussed such as illnesses and available treatments. Given the nature of discussion in this setting it is important to make the patient feel at ease, so many factors must be taken in to consideration; the tone and pitch of the doctor’s voice, the doctor should speak firmly and confidently but with warmth. The way the seating is set up can also impact on communication, in most doctors surgery’s the seating is set up so the doctor is on an angle, not facing the patient head on as this may cause the patient to feel intimidated and thus cause a breakdown

Germaine Greer Quotes

Germaine Greer Quotes Germaine Greer, Australian feminist later living in London, published The Female Eunuch in 1970, with its feisty tone assuring her place in the public eye as an in your face feminist. Her later books, including Sex and Destiny: the Politics of Human Fertility and The Change: Women, Ageing, and Menopause, drew fire from feminists and others. Less well known is her career as a literature scholar and professor, where her unique perspective comes through, as in her 2000 essay, Female Impersonator, about male poets speaking as female voices, or her book, Slip-shod Sibyls: Recognition, Rejection, and the Woman Poet, where she controversially suggests that a reason many pre-modern women poets are absent from standard curricula is that they were not that skilled, focused on the morbid exercise of wallowing in emotion. Selected Germaine Greer Quotations Womens liberation, if it abolishes the patriarchal family, will abolish a necessary substructure of the authoritarian state, and once that withers away Marx will have come true willy-nilly, so lets get on with it. I think that testosterone is a rare poison. The real theater of the sex war is the domestic hearth. The surest guide to the correctness of the path that women take is joy in the struggle. Revolution is the festival of the oppressed. I didnt fight to get women out from behind vacuum cleaners to get them onto the board of Hoover. The house wife is an unpaid employee in her husbands house in return for the security of being a permanent employee. Man made one grave mistake: in answer to vaguely reformist and humanitarian agitation he admitted women to politics and the professions. The conservatives who saw this as the undermining of our civilization and the end of the state and marriage were right after all; it is time for the demolition to begin. Yet if a woman never lets herself go, how will she ever know how far she might have got? If she never takes off her high-heeled shoes, how will she ever know how far she could walk or how fast she could run? One may not reach the dawn save by the path of the night. After centuries of conditioning of the female into the condition of perpetual girlishness called femininity, we cannot remember what femaleness is. Though feminists have been arguing for years that there is a self-defining female energy, and a female libido that is not expressed merely in response to demands by the male, and a female way of being and of experiencing the world, we are still not close to understanding what it might be. Yet every mother who has held a girl child in her arms has known that she was different from a boy child and that she would approach the reality around her in a different way. She is a female and she will die female, and though many centuries should pass, archaeologists would identify her skeleton as the remains of a female creature. The blind conviction that we have to do something about other peoples reproductive behavior, and that we may have to do it whether they like it or not, derives from the assumption that the world belongs to us, who have so expertly depleted its resources, rather than to them, who have not. The compelled mother loves her child as the caged bird sings. The song does not justify the cage nor the love the enforcement. The management of fertility is one of the most important functions of adulthood. Perhaps women have always been in closer contact with reality than men: it would seem to be the just recompense for being deprived of idealism. All that remains to the mother in modern consumer society is the role of scapegoat; psychoanalysis uses huge amounts of money and time to persuade analysis and to foist their problems on to the absent mother, who has no opportunity to utter a word in her own defense. Hostility to the mother in our societies is an index of mental health. Mother is the dead heart of the family, spending fathers earnings on consumer goods to enhance the environment in which he eats, sleeps, and watches the television. There has come into existence, chiefly in America, a breed of men who claim to be feminists. They imagine that they have understood what women want and that they are capable of giving it to them. They help with the dishes at home and make their own coffee in the office, basking the while in the refulgent consciousness of virtue. Such men are apt to think of the true male feminists as utterly chauvinistic. The sight of women talking together has always made men uneasy; nowadays it means rank subversion. Women fail to understand how much men hate them. All men hate some women some of the time and some men hate all women all of the time. The tragedy of machismo is that a man is never quite man enough. For a male child to become a man, he has to reject his mother. Its an essential part of masculinisation. Freud is the father of psychoanalysis. It has no mother. All societies on the verge of death are masculine. A society can survive with only one man; no society will survive a shortage of women. The most threatened group in human societies as in animal societies is the unmated male: the unmated male is more likely to wind up in prison or in an asylum or dead than his mated counterpart. He is less likely to be promoted at work and he is considered a poor credit risk. Human beings have an inalienable right to invent themselves; when that right is pre-empted it is called brain-washing. Freedom is fragile and must be protected. To sacrifice it, even as a temporary measure, is to betray it. Older women can afford to agree that femininity is a charade, a matter of colored hair, ecru lace, and whalebones, the kind of slap and tat that transvestites are in love with, and no more. Women over fifty already form one of the largest groups in the population structure of the Western world. As long as they like themselves, they will not be an oppressed minority. In order to like themselves they must reject trivialization by others of who and what they are. A grown woman should not have to masquerade as a girl in order to remain in the land of the living. Youre only young once, but you can be immature forever. The older womans love is not love of herself, nor of herself mirrored in a lovers eyes, nor is it corrupted by need. It is a feeling of tenderness so still and deep and warm that it gilds every grass blade and blesses every fly. It includes the ones who have a claim on it, and a great deal else besides. I wouldnt have missed it for the world. Love, love, love- all the wretched cant of it, masking egotism, lust, masochism, fantasy under a mythology of sentimental postures, a welter of self-induced miseries and joys, blinding and masking the essential personalities in the frozen gestures of courtship, in the kissing and the dating and the desire, the compliments and the quarrels which vivify its barrenness. Oh, because falling in love turns you into an immediate bore. And its dreadful. Every time a woman makes herself laugh at her husbands often-told jokes she betrays him. The man who looks at his woman and says What would I do without you? is already destroyed. The only perfect love to be found on earth is not sexual love, which is riddled with hostility and insecurity, but the wordless commitment of families, which takes as its model mother-love. This is not to say that fathers have no place, for father-love, with its driving for self-improvement and discipline, is also essential to survival, but that uncorrected father-love, father-love as it were practiced by both parents, is a way to annihilation. Every time a man unburdens his heart to a stranger he reaffirms the love that unites humanity. If a person loves only one other person, and is indifferent to his fellow men, his love is not love but a symbiotic attachment, or an enlarged egotism. English culture is basically homosexual in the sense that the men only really care about other men. The principle of the brotherhood of man is narcissistic... for the grounds for that love have always been the assumption that we ought to realize that we are the same the whole world over. Woman cannot be content with health and agility: she must make exorbitant efforts to appear something that never could exist without a diligent perversion of nature. Is it too much to ask that women be spared the daily struggle for superhuman beauty in order to offer it to the caresses of a subhumanly ugly mate? It is fatally easy for Western folk, who have discarded chastity as a value for themselves, to suppose that it can have no value for anyone else. At the same time as Californians try to re-invent celibacy, by which they seem to mean perverse restraint, the rest of us call societies which place a high value on chastity backward. Loneliness is never more cruel than when it is felt in close propinquity with someone who has ceased to communicate. Even crushed against his brother in the Tube the average Englishman pretends desperately that he is alone. I mean, in Britain its two women a week killed by their partner. Thats a shocking statistic. Most women still need a room of their own and the only way to find it may be outside their own home. There is no such thing as security. There never has been. Probably the only place where a man can feel really secure is in a maximum security prison, except for the imminent threat of release. Security is when everything is settled. When nothing can happen to you. Security is the denial of life. Developing the muscles of the soul demands no competitive spirit, no killer instinct, although it may erect pain barriers that the spiritual athlete must crash through. Women are reputed never to be disgusted. The sad fact is that they often are, but not with men; following the lead of men, they are most often disgusted with themselves. I have always been principally interested in men for sex. Ive always thought any sane woman would be a lover of women because loving men is such a mess. I have always wished Id fall in love with a woman. Damn. A full bosom is actually a millstone around a womans neck... [Breasts] are not parts of a person but lures slung around her neck, to be kneaded and twisted like magic putty, or mumbled and mouthed like lolly ices. The only causes of regret are laziness, outbursts of temper, hurting others, prejudice, jealousy, and envy. Perhaps catastrophe is the natural human environment, and even though we spend a good deal of energy trying to get away from it, we are programmed for survival amid catastrophe. Only one thing is certain: if pot is legalized, it wont be for our benefit but for the authorities. To have it legalized will also be to lose control of it. Act quickly, think slowly. Energy is the power that drives every human being. It is not lost by exertion but maintained by it, for it is a faculty of the psyche. Libraries are reservoirs of strength, grace and wit, reminders of order, calm and continuity, lakes of mental energy, neither warm nor cold, light nor dark. The pleasure they give is steady, unorgastic, reliable, deep and long-lasting. In any library in the world, I am at home, unselfconscious, still and absorbed. The essence of pleasure is spontaneity. Australia is a huge rest home, where no unwelcome news is ever wafted on to the pages of the worst newspapers in the world. Psychoanalysis is the confession without absolution. Evolution is what it is. The upper classes have always died out; its one of the most charming things about them. We in the West do not refrain from childbirth because we are concerned about the population explosion or because we feel we cannot afford children, but because we do not like children. Never advise anyone to go to war or to get married. Write down the advice of him who loves you, though you like it not at present. He that has no children brings them up well. It is in our interests to let the police and their employers go on believing that the Underground is a conspiracy, because it increases their paranoia and their inability to deal with what is really happening. As long as they look for ringleaders and documents they will miss their mark, which is that proportion of every personality which belongs in the Underground. Well, thats all right. I dont mind. Theyve called me mad ever since I was born. About These Quotes Quote collection  assembled by  Jone Johnson Lewis. Each quotation page in this collection and the entire collection via Jone Johnson Lewis. This is an informal collection assembled over many years. I regret that I am not be able to provide the original source if it is not listed with the quote. Citation information:Jone Johnson Lewis. Germaine Greer Quotes. About Womens History. URL: http://womenshistory.about.com/od/quotes/a/germaine_greer.htm . Date accessed: (today).

SAS Enterprise Miner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

SAS Enterprise Miner - Essay Example Company has a long list of donors and is involved in the process of sending out mailers to all its donors who have contributed to the Company at one time or another. However, in the interest of making its mailings more fruitful in terms of the returns they are likely to generate, the Company proposes to prune its list down in order to derive a data subset that will take into consideration only those donors in whose case the probability of a donation is higher. Since the list of donors presently is about 5000, the Company is interested in conducting a statistical data analysis and data mining in order to prune down this number. This report will therefore conduct three different forms of statistical data mining to arrive at the information that is sought: (a) decision tree (b) linear regression (c) neural network. The report generated on a preliminary data analysis on the basis of a paired samples test may be viewed in Appendix A. This analysis uses the variables of the average of all gifts received in the last thirty six months and the number of life time gifts to date reveals a is a positive correlation between the two variables that have been selected in this case – the average gifts received in the past three years and the gifts received during the lifetime of the donors. This would appear to indicate that the most likely donors could be among those who have been making gifts in the past three years, since this is related to a lifetime pattern of giving. This can be correlated with the socio economic variables in order to provide a more comprehensive broad based report of other positive correlations. In order to analyze this data, the estimated ratio of responses to promotions is a good independent variable, against which the correlation of dependant socio economic variables may be considered. A Pearson correlation matrix helps to establish the correlation between these various socio economic groups and their average gift giving, and this is set out in

Roaring & Not-So Roaring Twenties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Roaring & Not-So Roaring Twenties - Essay Example Banking system started to progress, although this was on temporary grounds. Music industry also flourished. Jazz and other modern instruments were introduced. Radio transmission saw progress and more familiarity amongst the masses. Literature also flourished. The American dream was being followed more vigorously. Wall Street flourished and went global. European Industries also saw progress. The negative side was the too much reliance on technology and artificial existence of the markets and industries. This eventually led to the Economic Recession towards the late 1920s. The Great Depression again led the mindset towards an authoritative mindset. For example, fascism, Communism, and Nazism, all prevailed as a reactionary mindset, ideology and political concepts against the capitalist markets. Other draw backs of this concept were the fact that social competition came about. The novel The Great Gatsby is reflective of the impacts the roaring twenties had on the society and

Cloud Point Extraction Experiment

Cloud Point Extraction Experiment Bromothymol blue (also known as bromothymol sulfone phthalein, BTB) (Figure 2.1.1) is a pH indicator (yellow at pH 6.0 and blue at pH 7.6). Its chemical name is: 4,40-(1,1-dioxido-3H-2,1-benzoxathiole-3,3-diyl)bis(2-bromo-6-isopropyl-3-methylphenol (The Merck Index, 13th edition, 2007)[1]. pKa of BTB is 7.1. This dye is the most appropriate pH indicator dye in physiological tissue and also used in the investigation of the interaction of lipid with protein (Puschett and Rao 1991; Gorbenko 1998; Sotomayor et al. 1998)[2,3,4]. It is widely applied in biomedical, biological, and chemical engineering applications (Schegg and Baldini 1986; Ibarra and Olivares-Perez 2002)[5,6]. BTB in protonated or deprotonated form is yellow or blue in color, respectively, while its solution is bluish green in neutral solution. It is sometimes used to define cell walls or nuclei under the microscope. BTB is mostly used for the evaluation and estimation of the pH of pools and fish tanks and the determinatio n of the presence of carbonic acid in liquid. There are several treatment procedures for dyes from waste materials, including adsorption (Nandi, Goswami, and Purkait 2009)[8], coagulation–flocculation, oxidation–ozonation, reverse osmosis, membrane filtration, biological degradation, and electrochemical processes (Shen et al. 2001; Kim et al. 2004; Chatterjee, Lee, and Woo 2010)[9,10,11]. 2.1.2 EXPERIMENTAL 2.1.2.1 Materials: All the solutions were prepared with double-distilled water. 2.1.2.1.1 Triton X – 100 (0.1M): Triton X-100 was purchased from Qualigens Analytical grade. The TX-100 was cleared of any low-boiling impurities by exposure to vaccum for 3h at 700C following the procedure given by Kumar and Balasubrahmanium[19]. 31.4 g of TX-100 liquid is dissolved 500 ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark to obtain 0.1 mol/dm3 solution. The critical micellar concentration and Cloud point of TX-100 are 2.8Ãâ€"10−4 [20] 65à ¢- ¦C [21] respectively. 2.1.2.1.2 Bromothymol Blue (BTB) : 1.0 g of BTB dye Merck India was dissolved in 5.0 ml of ethanol (99.8%) for dissolution then dilution are made with double distilled water into a 1000 ml volumetric flask up to the mark to obtain an concentration of 1000 mg/dm3(Babak Samiey, Kamal Alizadeh et.al 2004)[22]. In order to avoid fading stock solution was wrapped black color paper. The working solutions of BTB were prepared by appropriate dilutions of the stock solution immediately prior to their use. 2.1.2.1.3 Acetic acid (0.5M). 28.5 ml glacial acetic acid (A.R.grade) Qualigens was diluted with distilled water in a 1000 ml volumetric flask to give 0.5M Acetic acid solution. The solution obtained was diluted to required concentration and standardized as per the procedure (Vogel et. al. 1989)[23] with standard NaOH solution. 2.1.2.1.4 Sodium acetate (0.5M): 13.6 g sodiumacetate.trihydrate, (CH3COONa.3H2O) of Analytical grade Qualigens is dissolved in 100 ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark (Vogel et. al. 1978)[24]. 2.1.2.1.5 NaCl (0.1M): 2.922 g pure dry salt of sodiumchloride of analytical grade Qualigens is weighing out and dissolved in 500 ml volumetric flask to give 0.1M NaCl solution(Vogel et. al. 1989)[25]. 2.1.2.1.6 Na2SO4 (0.5M): 16.1 g of sodiumsulphate decahydrate,(Na2SO4.10H2O) A.R.grade from Merck (India), is dissolved in 100 ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark to give 0.5M Na2SO4 solution(Vogel et. al. 1989)[26]. 2.1.2.1.7 KH2PO4(1.0M): 34.02 g of KH2PO4 of Analytical grade Qualigens is dissolved in 250 ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark (Vogel et. al. 1978)[27]. 2.1.2.1.8 Na2HPO4 (1.0M): A.R. grade disodium hydrogen phosphate, Na2HPO4.2H2O, is taken in porcelain crucible and heated until no more water is liberated. Then 17.8 g of this cold residue is taken in 100 ml volumetric flask and made up to the make to give 1.0 M of Na2HPO4 solution (Vogel et. al. 1978)[28]. The reagent is prepared freshly each time. 2.1.2.1.9 Buffer solution of pH4.0( ±0.05): 5 ml of 4M sodium acetate (A.R. grade) Qualigens and 20 ml of 4M acetic acid (A.R. grade) Qualigens are mixed in an 100ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark which has resultant pH of 4.0( ±0.05) (Vogel et. al. 1989)[29] . 2.1.2.1.10 Buffer solution of pH5.0( ±0.05):: 17.5 ml of 4M sodium acetate (A.R. grade) Qualigens and 10 ml of 4M acetic acid (A.R. grade) Qualigens are mixed in an 100ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark which has resultant pH of 5.0( ±0.05) (Vogel et. al. 1989)[30] . 2.1.2.1.11 Buffer solution of pH6.0( ±0.05): 13.2 ml of1M KH2PO4 (A.R.grade) Qualigens and 86.8 ml of 1M Na2HPO4 (A.R.grade) Qualigens are mixed in 100ml volumetric flask which has resultant pH of 6.0( ±0.05) (Vogel et. al. 1989)[31]. 2.1.2.1.12 Buffer solution of pH7.0( ±0.05): 61.5 ml of 1M KH2PO4 (A.R.grade) Qualigens and 38.5 ml of 1M Na2HPO4 (A.R.grade) Qualigens are mixed in 100ml volumetric flask which has resultant pH of 7.0( ±0.05) (Vogel et. al. 1989)[31]. 2.1.2.1.13 Buffer solution of pH8.0( ±0.05): 94.0 ml of 1M KH2PO4 (A.R.grade) Qualigens and 6.0 ml of 1M Na2HPO4 (A.R.grade) Qualigens are mixed in 100ml volumetric flask which has resultant pH of 8.0( ±0.05) (Vogel et. al. 1989)[31]. 2.1.2.1.14 Buffer solution of pH9.2( ±0.05): 1.905g of Na2B4O7.10.H2O of (A.R.grade) Qualigens is dissolved in 100ml volumetric flask and made up to the mark to obtain 0.05 M of borax solution.The resultant pH of the solution is 9.2( ±0.05) (Vogel et. al. 1989)[32]. 2.1.2.2 Methodology for cloud point extraction: 2.1.2.2.1 Procedure: The cloud point temperature was determined by literature method reported by Carvalho et al. [33]. This is based on the ‘visual observation of the separation of phases’ in the micellar solution. The solution was heated gradually in the water bath until turbidity appeared. To verify the results, the opposite process was carried out by cooling gradually with constant stirring and the cloud point was considered as the temperature at which the solution became clear. The reported value was the average of these two determinations; in most cases, these two temperatures were identical, within + 0.5oC. Cloud point extraction experiment was conducted by using a 10 ml centrifuge tube with a screw cap containing different concentrations of Triton X-100 and BTB and sonicated for 2 minutes for proper mixing. The solution is heated up to 80ËÅ ¡C in a thermostatic temperature bath for 20 min. The turbid solution was then centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 5 min and cooled in an ice bath for 2 minutes in order to separate the phases. Both the phases are separated and the volumes of surfactant rich phase (coacervate phase) and dilute phases were measured. Average of three determinations is reported in all cases. The concentration of dye in both the phases has been measured by using PerkinElmer lamda-25 UV-Visible spectrophotometer. In order to determine the influence of the reagents added to the surfactant phase, cloud point determinations were performed with the additions of buffer, dye and inorganic salts. The procedure for the determination of critical temperature was the same as above, bu t using only a fixed surfactant concentration. The phase diagram for Triton X-100 was obtained by measuring the cloud point temperature of aqueous surfactant solutions at different concentrations. 2.1.2.2.2 Spectra and calibrated graph The concentration of the dye was determined by U.V-visible spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer lamda-25). Pure BTB was initially calibrated separately for different concentrations in terms of absorbance units, which were recorded at wavelength 430 nm, at which maximum absorption takes place (Figure 2.1.2, 2.1.3). No significant change in the absorbance has been observed even in the presence of TX-100. Therefore all the absorbance measurements were performed at this wave length. Figure 2.1.2 Spectra of BTB dye Figure 2.1.3 Calibration curve of BTB dye 2.1.2.2.3 Determination of Phase volume Ratio, Fractional coacervate phase volume and pre-concentration factor The volumes of the respective surfactant-rich and aqueous phases obtained after the separation of phases were determined using calibrated centrifuge tubes for calculating the pre concentration factor. Surfactant solutions containing typical amounts of the BTB were extracted using the CPE procedure, followed by the measurement of the respective phase volumes. The results reported are the average of three determinations. The phase volume ratio is defined as the ratio of the volume of the surfactant-rich phase to that of the aqueous phase. It is calculated using the following formula. (2.1.1) Where RV is the phase volume ratio, VS and VW are volumes of surfactant-rich phase and aqueous phase respectively. The pre-concentration factor, (fC) is defined as the ratio of the volume of bulk solution before phase separation (Vt) to that of the surfactant-rich phase after phase separation (Vs). (2.1.2) Where Vt and VS are the volumes of the bulk solution before phase separation and the surfactant-rich phase respectively. The fractional coacervate phase volume with the feed surfactant concentration is calculated by using the relationship: (2.1.3) Where FC is the fractional coacervate volume and Cs is the molar concentration of the feed surfactant solution, for fixed feed dye concentration, the parameters a and b vary linearly with temperature. The value of Fc lies in between 0.04-0.23 for various operating conditions. Surfactant partition coefficient (m) is defined as the ratio of concentration of surfactant in coacervate and dilute phase. - (2.1.4) The efficiency of extraction is defined as - (2.1.5) 2.1.4 Discussion: This section is divided into four parts. In first part, factors influencing the extraction efficiency (e.g., concentrations of non-ionic surfactants, dye and salt, temperature and pH of the solution), fractional coacervate phase volume have been discussed. The nature of solubilization isotherm at different temperature has been presented in the second part. In the third and fourth parts, thermodynamic parameters and a calculation procedure for the determination of surfactant requirement for the dye removal to a desired level is briefly discussed. 2.1.4.1 Factors influencing efficiency: For ionizable solutes, the charge of the solute can greatly influence its extent of binding to a micellar assembly [34]. The ionic form of a molecule normally does not interact with and bind the micellar aggregate as strongly as does its neutral form. Thus adjustment of the solution pH for maximum extractability is of special importance when controlling experimental variables in CPE. With increasing pH, the efficiency of extraction increases up to pH 8.0 and then decreases. This is in accordance with the decrease in cloud point till pH 8.0 and a sudden increase at pH 9.2. Further, the pK value of BTB is 7.1. In the absence of any buffer solution, pH of the dye solution is 7.0 and there is no change in pH event after the extraction process is completed. Hence, all the parameters were optimized at this fixed pH of the medium. No significant increase in efficiency is observed with increasing [Dye] since the cloud point is not altered much with increasing the concentration of dye. The extraction efficiency of dye increases with the increase of surfactant concentration. The concentration of the micelle increases with the surfactant concentration, resulting in more solubilisation of dye in micelles. The surfactant concentration in the dilute phase remains constant (and equal to around CMC); the surfactant concentration along with the solubilised dye in the coacervate phase (micellar phase) increases to maintain the material balance[42-46]. The extraction of dye with TX-100 solution is due to hydrophobic interaction between BTB and hydrophobic micelles in the solution. However, with the increase of TX-100 concentration, the analytical signal becomes weak due to the increase in the final volume of the surfactant rich phase that causes pre concentration factor (phase volume ratio) to decrease [35]. In view of these observations, a 0.04 mol/dm3 triton X- 100 is used throughout. It has been shown that the presence of electrolyte can change the CP in different ways[36]. Salting out electrolyte such as NaCl, decreases the cloud point temperature. They can promote the dehydration of ethoxy groups on the outer surface of the micelles, enhancing the miceller concentration leading to solubilisation of more dye and resulting in a more efficient extraction [37] and reduce the time required for phase separation. A lower salt concentration gives a smaller pre concentration factor, due to the larger volume in the surfactant-rich phase at lower salt concentrations [38]. As shown in the fig the ability of salts to enhance extraction efficiency of the dye was in the order of Na2SO4>NaCl. Temperature has pronounced effect on the extraction of solute. (i) At high temperature, CMC of non-ionic surfactant decreases. (ii) the non-ionic surfactant becomes more hydrophobic due to dehydration of ether oxygen [39] and increase in micellar concentration and solubilization. A general preconcentration factor of 20-60 was obtained with this CPE method and similar pre concentration has been reported for other analytes (40). Typical preconcentration factors reported in the literature[41] varà ¯ed fiom 10 to 100. The CPE method gives a better preconcentration factor compared to conventional solvent extraction methods. In general, high pre concentration factors in CPE can be achieved using small amounts of surfactants which have large capacity to accommodate dye molecules. The hydrated nature and relative polarity of micelles, on the other hand, limit the extraction of dye into the surfactant-rich phase. From the viewpoint of concentrating the analytes present in aqueous solutions, the larger pre concentration factor, e.g., the smaller phase volume in the surfactant-rich phase is desired. A lower surfactant concentration gives a higher pre concentration factor. However, it becomes very difficult for sampling and accurate analysis with a very small volume of the surfactant-rich phase. On the contrary, excessive amount of added salt of â€Å"salting-out† effect can give the higher pre concentration factor, but it is likely forming the very viscous liquid crystalline phase, instead of the fluidic Liquid phase, in the system, making it difficult to separate the surfactant-rich phase. Therefore, optimization of the pre concentration factor is very critical in a feasible CPE technique. Hence, surfactant concentration of 0.04 mol/dm3 was chosen to conduct CPE experiments in this research. 2.1.4.2 Solubilization isotherm: The adsorption isotherm relating moles of solute solubilized per mole of surfactant[50] are presented in Figure2.1.8. The isotherm can be expressed according to Langmuir type expression: (2.1.6) Where, both m and n are functions of temperature. Figure 2.1.8 Solubilisation curve of BTB dye Assuming a homogeneous monolayer adsorption, the linearized Langmuir sorption model of equation (2.1.6) can be written as: (2.1.7) Plot of 1/qe vs. 1/Ce over the entire dye concentrations was linear with a correlation coefficient of 0.983 as shown in Figure 2.1.9. Thus, the solubilization of dye obeys the Langmuir adsorption model. The calculated values of Langmuir parameters m and n from the slope and intercept of the linear plot of 1/qe vs. 1/Ce were found equal to 4.29X 10-3 (mol/mol) and 2.04X104 dm3 /mol, respectively. Figure 2.1.9 Langmuir isotherm of BTB dye 2.1.4.3 Thermodynamic parameters: The overall thermodynamic parameters ΔG0, ΔS0 and ΔH0 were calculated using equations (2.1.8, 2.1.9) [48,49]as follows. (2.1.8) - (2.1.9) Where T is the temperature in (K), qe/Ce is called the solubilization affinity. ΔS0 and ΔH0 are obtained from a linear plot of log (qe/Ce) versus (1/T), from Eq. (2.1.8) and. Once these two parameters are obtained, ΔG0 is determined from Eq. (2.1.9) and presented in Table 2.1.6. Plot of log (qe/Ce) versus (1/T) is shown in Figure 2.1.10. Table 2.1.6 : Thermodynamic parameters Temp = 80 ±0.1ËÅ ¡c; [BTB]initial =12.8010-5 mol/dm3 ; [TX-100] =4.010-2 mol/dm3 pH (  ±0.05) -à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  G ( KJ/mole ) à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  S ( KJ/mole/K ) à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  H ( KJ/mole ) 353 343 333 6.0 19.57 16.93 14.28 0.27 73.92 7.0 22.11 18.75 15.38 0.34 96.76 8.0 21.10 18.63 16.16 0.25 66.06 Figure 2.1.10 log (qe/Ce) versus (1/T) 2.1.4.4 Design of experiment: The amount of surfactant required can be evaluated from the residual dye present in the dilute phase of the solution after conducting cloud point extraction can be determined [45]. qe is the mole of dye solubilized per mole of non-ionic surfactant. (2.1.10) Moles of dye solubilized can be obtained from mass balance equation, (2.1.11) (2.1.12) Where, A is the moles of dye solubilized in the micelles, V0 and Vd are the volume of the feed solution and that of the dilute phase after CPE, C0 and Ce are concentration of the BTB dye after CPE respectively; Cs is the concentration of surfactant in feed. From the equation 2.1.10, 2.1.11 and 2.1.12 we can write, (2.1.13) Moles of dye solubilized can be obtained from mass balance equation, Where, qe is the mole of dye solubilized per mole of non-ionic surfactant, x is moles TX-100 used, A is the moles of dye solubilized in the micelles, V0 and Vd are the volume of the feed solution and that of the dilute phase after CPE, C0 and respectively; Cs is the concentration of surfactant in feed. (2.1.14) Now, by involving the definition of fractional coavervate volume in the above equation we get, (2.1.15) - (2.1.16) Where a,b are the parameters a and b which are functions of temperature. Substituting the above equation in equation (8) we get, - (2.1.17) Substituting the above equation in equation (1) and rearranging we get, (2.1.18) From the above equation the desired surfactant required (Cs) can be obtained knowing the value of m and n the Langmuir constants, a and b the operating temperature constants, Ce the amount of dye in dilute phase after cloud point extraction. By using the above equation experiments which are conducted were compared for surfactant used and required are shown in Table 2.1.8. Table 2.1.8: Comparison data of required and used TX-100 at 80ËÅ ¡C 105 [BTB]initial mol/dm3 105[ BTB]dilute mol/dm3 102[ TX-100 ]used mol/dm3 102[ TX-100 ]Required mol/dm3 3.20 1.11 4.00 2.64 6.40 1.87 4.00 3.82 8.00 2.22 4.00 4.32 9.60 3.19 4.00 3.79 12.80 4.09 4.00 4.46 16.00 6.72 4.00 3.74 8.00 3.60 3.00 2.42 8.00 1.73 4.50 4.32 8.00 1.18 5.00 5.60

Love or friendship? Essay

Love is just an affection that we feel but friendship is the second most important thing in the world. friendship weighs more. because we can find another special someone but you can’t find that true friend even if you search for a very long time. one more thing, study first before engaging to that very complicated thing. according to the wikipedia, Love is a variety of different feelings, states, and attitudes that ranges from interpersonal affection (â€Å"I love my mother†) to pleasure (â€Å"I loved that meal†). It can refer to an emotion of a strong attraction and personal attachment.[1] It can also be a virtue representing human kindness, compassion, and affection—†the unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good of another†.[2] It may also describe compassionate and affectionate actions towards other humans, one’s self or animals.[3] Ancient Greeks identified four forms of love: kinship or familiarity (in Greek, storge), friendship (philia), sexual and/or romantic desire (eros), and self-emptying or divine love (agape).[4][5] Modern authors have distinguished further varieties of romantic love.[6] Non-Western traditions have also distinguished variants or symbioses of these states.[7] This diversity of uses and meanings combined with the complexity of the feelings involved makes love unusually difficult to consistently define, compared to other emotional states. Love in its various forms acts as a major facilitator of interpersonal relationships and, owing to its central psychological importance, is one of the most common themes in the creative arts.[8] Love may be understood as a function to keep human beings together against menaces and to facilitate the continuation of the species. This is just my way of expressing but its up to you if what will you choose. but be wise and brave enough of whatever your decision is.

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Descriptive Essay About My Grandfather - 1353 Words

At the age of six, most kids go to Disneyland; I, on the other hand, was about to cross the border. I am one of the millions who had to go through this situation. The month of August was about to end, but in my life, a whole new journey was about to begin. It was 2004 I was with my grandpa he hugs me while we are talking I felt his love towards me in his big warm hands that were wrapped around my shoulder, home is where I was. Little did I know that I won’t be seeing my Abuelo and Abuela for the next 13 years. They hugged me one last time and my grandpa gave me this necklace: brown, yarn and handmade. He says â€Å"Mija, no te quites este collar para nada, Nosotros Siempre Vamos estar con tigo, en las buenas y en las malas.† (Honey, do not†¦show more content†¦When he was tired this other man would help my dad by either give me a piggyback ride or carrying our water gallons and a backpack. We walk towards these old big trees they looked dead, barely any green leaves still hanging on the branch. â€Å"Aquà ­ vamos a dormir esta noche amigos, asà ­ que pà ³nganse cà ³modos, y descansen que maà ±ana nos toca otra chinga.†(we are going to sleep here tonight my friends, rest but don’t get too comfortable) Coyote says. My dad pulls some blankets from our backpack and wraps them around me. We felt that cold summer wind. â€Å"LA MIGRA !!!!† (THE IMMIGRATION!) Someone had yelled that out and woke me up. The coyote says to shut up and be quiet. He told us to hide under the sand or under the old log branch that came down from the dead tree. I remember my dad squeezing me tight, giving me the biggest bear hug as we were under this long trunk brown log. All I hear is the helicopter wings in the air and some lights rotating around the location where we were. It was ten long minutes, but it seems that the Migra had left. The sun was coming out and we all begin to get out of our hiding spots. We had breakfast it wasn’t the best, but it was something. I had a tuna sandwich, an orange, and some more water. We pick our belongings and the coyote told us to make sure we didn t leave any footprints behind. We have reached night time, but we didn’t stop walking. Coyote said we couldn’t fall behind schedule, weShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay About My Grandfather1112 Words   |  5 PagesHaving a grandfather is like having a best friend. My grandfather was that figure for me, I called him Pop; he was my mothers father. Pop was always there for me, being a listener and an advice giver. Pop and I connected unlike any other family member I had because he always believed in me and supported everything I did. This support started ever since I was little playing sports and any activities I was engaged in. Our relationship was unbreakable, my grandmother would always say. Having PopRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Grandfather1733 Words   |  7 PagesReservation in South Dakota. My name, Joe Iron Shell and I need to complete something I should have done earlier this summer when they visited. The absence of my grandchildren has been difficult . Those children, they are such young, thoughtful, kindred spirits. Coming here, every year in the summer they visit me and I love every moment of it. Together, sharing the stories, and the two of them explaining to me how th eir friends react to the stories they share with them. In my attempt to make their visitRead MoreDescriptive Essay About My Grandfather1004 Words   |  5 Pagesquote written under my grandpa’s senior picture in his yearbook. Benjamin Frederick Kolbe, my grandpa, was born on October 2, 1935, in the Winner hospital. If my grandpa could sum up high school, he would advise everyone to have an enjoyable time and to participate in many activities. 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